Rotary-piston packing.



W. (i. E. RULAFF. ROTARY PISTON PACKING.

AIPLICAHUN llLElJ MAY l9, l9]?- 1,280,306. 7 Patented Out. 1, lJlB.

2 SMFETS SHEET I.

5 15 25 ii INVENTOR LU. 6.5.30 Zgf ZMM A TTORNEV UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTEBi o. n.

T JAZZ-w hum. it may concern Be it known that I, WAL ER G. E. ROIAAFF a citizen ofthe: I nited.- Stntes, residing in, the town of Belleville, oounty of St. 612111,

& and State of Illinois, have invented new nm l'usofiil IIHEIIOYBIHEDtS in Rotary-Piston Paokings, of which the following isn specification.

This invention relates to ain compressors, pumpaand similar machines, andithn inv-enmnis pm-ticulswly wpplioable-ito highn ad machines ofi'otzii'y type. The type of machine, to whiehl have, described my invention. as applied inolmlen a cylindrionl'case in which than is mounted a-- rotary piston consistingof an eoeenUr-icztlly mounted di u m, and :1.3 blade whiclteng 7 pg; the wallsof the cylinder. (Dne of the iflioultien' in; operarises .fromthe fact tluut it isnecessary to pawl; pii'stcm blade in order, to prevent leakage past, the blade as thopioton rot atesh T-he gnaral obijoct oi; my invontlou is to produce-a machine ofi thistype having improved means for efi'actively. packing the piston so no tOltWlllfifi as far-noposnibln tho leukagapast the pistonasit mmms. One

of my objeota is to aceomplish this by a;

very. simple construction, for the piston blade. One Oftllfi difficulties arising in this type ofmachine' is due to the. not that tho pressure-in tihe-coniprensionohamber of the cylinder whioh is exonted upon the forward face of the, dvivingsideof the-piston bladn operntesgtio pignss thoblmdawithgreat force against the side of its guide int-he drum, nnd this deyelogs a high frictional resist nnoolo the inwm'xl ancloutwnmi monument ofi theyblu lo whichmush takoplace as the piston revolves. One of the objeotn of, my ilwontion is to pwvie lel-nwms jar Bqgutllzlilg lliflrwwui'fi mlq ildlikdqg a sisbmce .Emgthqmnormal ipmviql 1 min e nil-mt: of, myinyentioma appliml to-v :an mbmaiq ihnztmmiemdnm L Specification of Letters Patent.

ating pumps or compmasors of this type whereby the centrifugal fmoe uqting npom B OLAFF, OE BELLEVILLE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-FOURTH TO GEORGE W. McV'ICKIFJR,v OF ST LOUIS} MISSOURI.

Figure 1 napresentqnvertical orosssootion through a pump or am CQIYIQIBSSOI or aimilar machine for compressing o pumping a,

Brig 3 is-a penspootive of abacking plate wh ch maybe omhodiedin the construction,

one of theae muohinesishowinq modifipd:

construction! for the piston blade;

Fig, 2 is a vertical S6Cl3l0l1;t&kfl11 on the,

ism 01'OSS-SQl3lOllOI1 the, lino-6W6 I ig. 8 in 1 vm'timl seotmmsimilar to Fig:

7 but; showing, gt simple cmwtvuotion for the 131g, His-n side elevation showingztwo of.

the packing: blade;

Fig 10 is at horizontal section tilktll on the. line 1010 of Fig 7 Fig, 11 is n cross-section throu h one of, the PlWiQSLWllIC-h nmy comtitute 21-; eature,of

the construction;

Fig, 12V-is-n vortionhsootion taken similarly V to the section but illustrating an em bodiment oftln inxontiondn whioh springs are employedlforholdln z the packing plntes against the cylinder waillsg.

Referringmore particularly, to the -gn 'tg E 1 represents a casing or, liarrelha vni'gpa y liniieoi wall 2 and two hezulsflfii. This: CQSIPg-IS provided at a suitable point with;

anon-lot opening 4 for admitting thqflnidl to-bqcmnpi'oSsed or puingveclandis fiirther V prmuded with a suitable outlet 5 and. an.

outlet valve. which may he in the fprm of a check naive 6. \Vithin thin hartelthemis eceentmcally mounted a rotary piston con,

prising u oyl imlricul drum/Z secu -csl tolu. shaft 8. This gli'um max bnof. nolighfnrul as: shown in whichms o they might of. the.

drum gives the drunttheofisflbnfia fiyn'hl. This drum is provided with a guide prefr L ernbly in the form of a, slot 9 which eittendsflironghoutthe entine length Qfl the i drum, iu ad in a: (iii-notion suchns that ind} outed th ng-1s to, say theslot s, formeisoj that it will operate as mgnidnfoi'. millage-10 whioh fiorms a part of the gi toniv, This, bla gie isso constructed that its partshwi i a nt a nmnfi h thnwll cylinder. and produces a packing etl'ecl so that. when the drum is rotated ina left hand direction, the fluid under pressure in the compression chamber or Working chamber 11 will not lltH" an op iortunityto. find its way past the blade 10 into the suction chamrl lre t e loathing;-

In order to get this packing effect, 1 prefer to provide a pair of packing plates 13-and 14. Cooperating with these packing plates I provide means in the form of anactuator plate cooperating with the packing plates to spread them and force them outwardlv in order to maintain them in engagement with the heads and the cylindrical wall. This means may be controlled by the cen trifugal-force. To accomplish this the packing plates are of tapered form, see Fig. 9, and'liave overlapping tongues 15 which are of reduced thickness so as to produce the ciiectof a. scarf joint. Between the inclined adjacent edges 16 a wedge-shaped space formed, and in this space I provide a freely movable centrifugal wedge plate 17, the side edgesof which engage the inclined edges 16.

Between the outer edge. 18 of this wedge plate and the t0ng'ues'15 a recess 19 is formed illustrated in the embodin'ient of the invention shown in Fig. 1', and this recess is in 30" communication with the compression chamber ll'jh'enee a force would be developed tending to shove the wedge plate inwardly.

In order to balance the forces operating on the inner and outer edges of the wedge plate I prefer top'rovide a duct. 20 on the forward' side of the slot 9 which maintains communication from the compression chamber 11 to a back chamber '21, which is formed in the bottom of the slot behind the rear end or edge of the blade 10. Hence, when the machine is in operation the same pressure is exerted on the rear edge 22 of the wedge plate as'is exerted on the outer edge 18. As the area of these two edges 18 di erent by reason of the taper ofthe wedge plate, an unbalaneing effect might result tending to reduce an excessive pressure onthe inner e ge 22which would tend 'to force the Wedge, plate outwardly, and this'might' produce'i' a' jgunining effect and press the packin' p1ates13 and-14 apart' with too much oroe. In order to substantially balance the pressure on the edges OftlllS plate ..I protide the wedge "platew'ith beveled side. edges23,'i hich expose the edges to the flllltl" pressureg 1 It will appear that 'at-"thejse bei-elecl 'ed'gesdiicts' will be 'fonnedfv'vhibh will; opencoinmunication' with the back .chambe'r 21',=which would tend t'o render the; 'du'et'20unnecessary. but I prefer to provide the duct'20'so as to insure that sufiic-ient area of inlet is aflordedvto be certain that the pressure in the back chamber will be. substantially equal to that-existing in'the compression chamber 111}- Thebltle m prefer the packing plates 1 and 14. and' the wedge plate 1'7, and lying in the slot 21. This backing-plays QAcloses the gap 19 and cooperates with the other plates to 'orm a sulostai'itiall nonleaking blade. -With a instruction such as, this it is evident. that when the 'maehi'ne isin'operntion a considerable force is exerted on the. driving side of the projecting end of the blade 10 and this force would tend to hold the blade" forcibly against the rear wall 25 of the slot. I provide means for counter-bulancinf this driving force so as to substantially equalize the lateralforees 80 acting upon opposite sidesot the blade. For this purpose I prefer to form an equalizing chamber 2-6 which may he cut in the face of the wall 25 of the slot, and opposite this point I form a large recess 27 in the opposing face of the backing-plate. This wide recess 27 leaves a. narrow rib or wear-strip 38 near the inner edge of the plate 24. 1- provide means for maintaining eommuniea' tionl ietween this equalizing chamber 26. and the compression chamber 11, and this isvery simply accomplished byforming :a noteh'QD in the wear strip 28. ifalso' pre' fer to maintain communication from the duct to the equalizing chamber. 'andthis may be done by means of slots 10? through the plates '17 and-31. As the plates-fit loosely in the guide slot 9 the fluid piessnre is exerted over theentire area of the front or working sideof the blade; "\Vith' such an organization ofparts as that described, it is evident thatv the pressure will be developed on the rear side of the blade that is,'on the side remote from the Working side, as well as on the forward or working side, and the forces developed by these pressures substantially equalize each other,=bee-a use the area exposed on the'back of the plate increases with-every increase in the area of the blade portion within the slot. There is always a slight. excess of force'on the front side hon-ever, so that a slight-frictional resistan'ce is offered to the inward andoutward sliding movement ofjthe blade asrthe piston'rotiatesf If it'i-s' desired to produceian even more eflic'ient packing effect, an increasednumber of packing plates may be employed, for example, -I'-me.y ado tan organization such as shown in Fig. f

The'm'ain features of th it embodiment of the invention arethe same-as those describe'dd in Fig.1,e'1tceptthat the guide slot safes-:- theblade'is 'Hiade' wide enough to-aoco'mmo date two pairs of packing plates 31 su per- 125 posed upon each other with a backing plate 352 between them and the driving wall 25 of the slot 9." The construction of-the pack ing plates is substantially'the' same as that described above; The backing plate 82 is lae Q in; larger size ,machineg, v;

of. reemngnflar form. as; befiom. The r 011: fame) emf: tharbagking plateis-prm'ided with a mcqss. 3B. -Opp$1m bhifl, BQQSB. 33$ an equalizi chnmban- 36.is1 eutin the rear wmlloifige ndmirttadlmr is naliaing flhumhmfllm gh, n mmlmiw m .m tlmwamn-slatim Q8. Q1 the backing! plm...- IQ iwwixienb- 91mm blade; v fiwh h ar rotgamzqslnn, rv fi w yz u rbe ipuekadnnme efiecti W135}! ml; e ,k beral fl m on: the blade-wi l be; bah ancecl in substantially flwWQ-Wa ,-a ;b-; fore, Furfirermbre, the ge pat/es; 35 and 39 are providfid witlrbwflled; edgegvil; 15.,

ancethe pregsure on trhga, edges of; thegq we ge plate n! he mann r: lready Q1? plained. In this form of the, invantiail the?! fluid pressure: from the-nqmppgsajm aha-uh be]: 43 is admitted, ta the, back clumbenby;

a groove 34,.

and the Qrgam'zat-mn of; pswiss will-thembe such as illustratqad in Fig; S in wihmh; 45;; represents the cylindrical wall 31.1 .6 ind}; antes theguide slobin thedngmy 'lihgpmk i ing plates have substa ntialiy; 119? Sam fa-rm v as the p a e n n w mum tongues 46 are wide enough to insan -Grai 1 g p o me be xx hein upp r miges 11nd; the wedgg plaw 48 will-always;lie-with? he slot e'g i r :1,; Q-= vided with an-gyral'iz'mg chgmhmfl receivegthe flui; prgssure thp'pughthqgpig. as; A7 froma duct iig similar; tqtheduqt: 20.;

i em dim nt; i area simp er h mfibm shown in 1, and--w-il1 pmdg-lg a; sub. stantially big pwk rg' w h p smm I myen ith-\flzqr=w e@=pla sin which w may h vm. '1 p a e against the cylinder walls 1; m agmpi springs. Fig. 12 shows an am 110i rhisna'ture, in which 5,1 re regmtsthedrum and 52 represenw th e g ui slotigritsmall. In this guide slat; I pmyidgtwg plates 53 and 5A: which hawi-qv m I .r tongues 55 constructed likg he tpnguefi h n g- The ptbed-line-mdnd cataswthe outer-end 05th slug-621m gthat, me g es ubman allyrfi i 19 T1 9 riving faca 41 h w slo 21 ha .111 eq fll z ing chamber 57 cuhintonibmxagimit th6-gfi1hid,- Pressum: he, rear, sid s; of mm efi 63; and5.4,, r U, I

p w S ng -=a-m ism ad n mnh; Lhe-ndgasbf t e-plateg fi i agdfiland' main rain themqgpinitgthe head 159. the b ack and of Ire-slat} pmv-igm.spr mga 60 which tend to ank-mg; pl qbel-sv urp mily ,a aelw im-(wk x wqfllufi l en ly xm usimabqdam w Aahmmmaw tionr thg packing efiiegt 1, whwhqLI-y pendentgupon, theaction 0 centrifugal fiqaregg and consequently I-pmfin this hgerwthepspeed' is this would be the forward side uf blgmhl-ad and p c i y whi b. 112mm er al:

m 01 i 2 $31k relatimely Iowan and Wham the making lanes are of suffwienv 111mm; o unabl springs; tobe. used.

whilwmyrinwenbiou baa hwmdesgmped Q6 1 applifiditm a gompm qn-ori p rum-mp We ofitlgfi may q msm. m b d me w wain-1, 5,, "mum-ma, alm, 111K111! 10.41%; sh m m. If desired L may mnib the hacking? ide' aid 11154148,. and E meansnfon g wmmuu mmmbo W widaequwlm chsjmber and, the W0 'ing; chamber" 06 thag 1 said packing plates to cooperate therewith, an actuator plate actuated in an outward dimotion by centrifu il-l force-to codperate with said packing p ates to hold the-same combination of a barrel having tary barrel, and having a gnide slot therein, a blade including a pair of packing plates monntedtd-n ove in and ont of said guide slot asthe 'dinm rotates, and coliperating with said guide slotto form a back chamber at the inner edge'of said blade; said back chamber coi'nnmnicating with the. oo'mpres} sion chamber of the barrel whereby subs" ntiall'y t-he same pressure is maintain in said back chamber and said gbide slot, and a wedge plate disposed between said packing platesjand' operating when moved outwardly by centrifugal platesagainst said heads, wedge' .plnte being exposed wineof the ilid and the side edgesofsai late being "aiso exposed to the ressu ed the'finid whereby thefluid p ressnr'eon the ends; of said wedge-platens substantially baiancedj I 5. In a machine of'the class described, the

heads, a rocombination of a barrel havingheads, a Y rotary drum eccentrically mounted in said barrel, and having a guide slot therein, a blade including a pair of packing plates mounted to move in slotas the drum' rotates, and foo'peratin'g withsaidguide slot to form a back chamber at 'the inner dge of; said blade, the wall of said slot having a presserdeqnaiizin chem: berforrned side'of said blade remote side of said blade communic atingfwith said batik chamber, and having means for maintaini'ng eommunicatien-betweeh said "back chamber and. the compressiori' 'chaiflber of the bare to equalize the lateral forces ex- 56 wedge plate disposed between said-packing plates, and tending'to spread the same when said wedge late moves in anjoiitward directi n 11M101 said paelbingpla-tejspgeinst said fl qlfiifi gd 'f'J' l 1' ,l 'i'illl'! H firBacking means for acking a rotary piston in its cylinderjcomprising" the "combination lof a' pair of packingplates-i01 en- 'agin' 'tlie wali of the-cylinder, said packmg p against the cylindrical wall of the barrel 4. Ina machine of the classdescribed, the

'drunif eccentrical'ly mounted in saidforce to hold said packing theend'siof said wedge and out of said guide in the face'therof ont e rear 5 'ctroni' the driving *erted'o'n opposites/ides of saidblitde, mid a ites' being or tapQ'red form; as to form a we(lgesim-ped space thercbetween, a wodgcplate disposed in the space between said pnck'rngplates, and constructed sons to'be' forced ontwardly' solely by the con; trifn'gel' force act ingtherenpon'to force said packing plates apart, and-means for main-' mining fluid pressure on the inner and-outer edges-o t said'wedge plate, said wedge plate v hoving beveled side edges engaging said' packing plates, and exposedtqthe fiuid175 pressure to balance-the pressnre-on the edges of said'wedge plates; 5" T. Pnck ingflneans for packinga rotary piston in its cylinder, consisting of a pair of packing plates having overlapping outer cd'ges,s :1id packing plates being of taperedform so-a's to present'a Wedgeshaped space there between. and a wedge-plate received between said packing-plates, the inner and outer edges ofsaid wedge plate being cX- posed to the same pressure, said plate haw ing-beveied -side edges exposed lo the said pressure engaging'sadd packing plates to balance the forces-acting on the inner and outeredgescf said wedge 1)l:LiQ,$ziiCi wedge plat'e being' actuated in n n outward direction by the) centrifugal force I to spread snidpackinfg' plates aiid hold then-i fngni net the cyli nder ti'allEi-J "Si l-n il-"iliht'll'lne of the class described, the combination ofia barrel haying heads, and a cylihdrial'wtili, a rotary piston inonnted therein" including a projecting blade; and ha vi'iig afljdeli 'tdiiimbe r 'at'th'e inner edge of blade'emn rising a pair said lflcdeysaid packing pin-ta with oierlappiiig tongues adjacent the-cylindricalwall, said packing plates being of tapered form so as to present a wedge-she ed space there between, :1 frceh movable w ge'plaic dispose'd bei'ween said packing plates', inon-nted so as to bi-i'nctnal'cd in ancnt arddirectiOn solely by the centrifugal 'forc'e to spread said packing plates und hold the same against said heads, and means for balancing t e iatcra'l forces acting '110' on oppbs ite'sides of said blade.

9. In); machine of thejcl'assdescribedfthe combina tliori' of 'a barrel having lieadsfland" a cylindrical wall ef rotary piston mounted; w therein inehzdihg projecting blade, 'an'dfl u'e hatingirt baekeha niber at theinner edge of Saki-blade, bladejcomprislhg' a panof packing plafles with overlapping to'irgnes adjacent the cylindrical wall, said plates" v being of tapered form so:--"usto 'prcsent'a 12 0'" \vedge-Shaped-space therebetween; n wedgeplate disposed betweeflsaid acking' intone,-

' and'actuated innn' idii rd tirccti'on-solcly by hheceiitrifugal f" lito spread said pncking lates r fe holdfflih same against sai'd'fl 2*5 headsflmeens for balancing tlie'latei-al'forr'csf a actn onsaid i'rlade, and nieans'for balancingtefipiessures on thc "inner and outer edges-bf fiaiidwedge platel 1 IOJTI'FB, diac'liin' of"theclass described, '180 gzeo aoe the eomhiimtion of a barrel having a cylindrical wall and heads, an eccentrically mounted drum within saidbarrel having a guide slot therein a blade for englging said cylindrical wall and said heads, guided in said guide slot, said blade coiiperating with said guide slot to form a back chamber at the inner edge of said blade, said drum having a duct maintaining comnmnication between the compression chamber of the cylinder and said back chamber, an equalizing chamber formed in the rear wall of said guide, said blade including a pair of tapered sacking slates en agin said heads and sai cylinrical we 1, an having overlapping ton es adjacent said cylindrical Wall, a wedge p ate disposed in the space between said packing plates and operetin to spread the same to hold said packin p ates against the walls of the cylinder, sa-i wedge plate having beveled edges, and having its inner edge exposed to the fluid ressnre to balance the lnward and outwa pressure on said wed a plate, and a backing plate in said gui 6 slot superposed on said packing plates and WALTER G. E. ROLAFF. 

